SNCA:Tornado

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A tornado hitting Union City, Oklahoma in 1973

A tornado is a violently rotating column of air. Tornadoes appear as funnel clouds going from a cumulonimbus cloud to the ground. They typically move along the path of a storm. Tornadoes can have multiple vortices, becoming more dangerous. They can also be rain-wrapped, making them extremely dangerous since you can't see them.

Tornadoes are most common in the midwestern and southern United States, though they occur all over the world. One could even hit your house some day.

Enhanced Fujita Scale

Tornadoes are rated on a scale known as the Enhanced Fujita scale, similar to how 'jaks are rated using the mineral rating system. The majority of tornadoes are EF0 or EF1.

Rating	Damage	Wind Speed (mph)
EF0	Barely any damage, the tornado equivalent of a Failraid. Some small and poorly-built structures may be knocked down.	65-85
EF1	A bit of damage. Vehicles are typically flipped. Noticeable damage to temporary structures.	86-110
EF2	Considerable damage. Mobile homes are destroyed. Well-built structures sustain visible damage but are still standing.	111-135
EF3	Severe damage. Well-built structures can collapse. Buildings with less stable foundations are swept away.	136-165
EF4	Devastating damage. Well-built structures are completely destroyed. Tim Marshall's favorite rating.	166-200
EF5	Incredible damage. Entire towns are reduced to piles of rubble. Or a train gets thrown/rolled.	201+

Tornado Safety

Tornadoes are extremely dangerous, but you can survive them if you know what you're doing. There is no way of knowing how destructive a tornado is until after it's over, so it's best to treat every tornado warning as if there's an extremely destructive tornado heading for you.

Be Alert

• You WILL pay attention to the Storm Prediction Center's tornado risk outlooks (available here).
• You WILL have a NOAA weather radio that will sound an alarm for a tornado warning.
• You WILL watch keyed aryan weather streamers such as Ryan Hall and Max Velocity.
• You WILL check Doppler radar using apps like WeatherWise or MyRadar. Look for hook shapes in the reflectivity images, tight rotation in the velocity images, and large blue dots in the correlation coefficient images as those can all be signs of an unwarned tornado.

During a Tornado Warning

• You WILL go to an interior room on the lowest floor of a sturdy building, preferably a basement if there is one.
• You WILL have supplies such as water, a flashlight, a first aid kit, and some form of communication.
• You WILL wear closed-toed shoes in case you have to walk through debris.
• You WILL protect your head.
• You WILL NOT go outside to watch the tornado.
• You WILL NOT attempt to shelter under a bridge.
• You WILL NOT take shelter in a room with windows.
• You WILL NOT take shelter in a hallway.
• You WILL NOT get in your car and try to "outrun" the tornado.

Notable Tornadoes

A radar image of the 2011 Joplin tornado

• 1925 Tri-State Tornado: Best known for being the deadliest and strongest tornado in american history. Killed hundreds, mangled railway cars, destroyed massive brick structures and heavy-duty mining equipment.

• 1999 Bridge Creek-Moore F5: Threw trains up to a mile, destroyed well-built brick buildings, leaving trees bare, Best known for having the highest (though instant) winds on earth of 321+ MPH.

• 2011 Joplin EF5: Best known for being the deadliest tornado in modern American history. Notable also for impaling concrete, destroying large businesses, including an office building.

• 2011 Smithville EF5: Best known for being an overrated Redditnado.
• 2013 Moore EF5: 2nd most recent EF5. Completely scoured the ground in locations, debarked groves of trees, mangled cars, swept away large, well-built brick homes. Best known for being the last EF5 for 13 years.
• 2013 El Reno EF3: Best know for being the widest tornado ever recorded, not being an EF5 and killing 4 storm chasers

• 2014 Vilonia EF4: Best known for not being EF5.

• 2023 Rolling fork EF4: Also Best known for for not being EF5, except it actually deserves it this time.

• 2025 Enderlin EF5: Best known for for ending the EF5 drought by derailing and rolling or tossing train cars.

Notable Tornado Outbreaks (1974-2025)

• April 3rd 1974: Produced 146 Tornadoes, 30 of them being F4+, this outbreak was the first (officially) super outbreak
• May 31st 1985: Produced 44 Tornadoes, 9 of them being F4+, this outbreak produced the furthest east F5
• April 26th 1991: Produced 55 Tornadoes, 5 of them being F4+, Produced The Wichita F5, rest of the tornadoes were SNCA
• May 3rd 1999: Produced 79 Tornadoes, 4 of them being F4+, Every tornado that day was SNCA expect for the Moore Tornado
• April 27th 2011: Produced 368 Tornadoes, 15 of them being EF4+, Pretty much everything went prefect this day for tornadoes, also this day was a super outbreak
• May 24th 2011: Produced 49 Tornadoes, 4 of them being EF4+, This day Produced the El Reno EF5
• April 14th 2012: Produced 84 Tornadoes, 1 of them being EF4+, basically Tornado Spam.
• June 16th 2014: Produced 36 Tornadoes, 4 of them being EF4+, Two Supercell's produced 4 EF4's
• April 12th 2020: Produced 111 Tornadoes, 3 of them being EF4+, most avg Dixie setup
• March 13-16th 2025: Produced 118 Tornadoes, 4 of them being EF4+, Discrete supercell spam

Snopes

Tornado is part of a series on Soyience™ Visit the Soyence portal for more.
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