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Capitalism ♦ Socialism ♦ Communism ♦ Anarcho-capitalism ♦ Market economy ♦ Mixed economy ♦ Planned economy
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Revision as of 09:11, 21 August 2026
>Though maybe you were looking for Libertarianism?
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This page is heavily biased.(You) VVILL edit the page and make it neutral.
Check the history section for the full story.
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Anarcho-capitalism (AnCap), also known as market anarchism, Rothbardianism, privatize-everything-ism, or what if we removed the government and replaced it with 47 competing subscription services, is a right-libertarian political philosophy advocating the abolition of the state in favor of private property, voluntary association, free markets, and privately provided services.
Anarcho-capitalists believe that virtually every function currently performed by the state, including roads, courts, police, infrastructure, welfare, and sometimes even national defense, could instead be provided through voluntary market arrangements.
In other words:
Anarcho-capitalism is best known for:
- Believing taxation is theft
- Wanting to privatize literally fucking everything
- Asking whether you have a permit for that government
- Somehow turning every political discussion into an argument about property rights
- The Non-Aggression Principle (NAP)
- AUSTRIAN ECONOMICS MENTIONED 🇦🇹🇦🇹🇦🇹
- Murray Rothbard
- Hans-Hermann Hoppe
- Explaining why roads would still exist for the 8,000th time
- Believing the market can solve problems that governments cannot
- Being called "not real anarchism" by left-anarchists
- Being called "not real capitalism" by people who think capitalism requires a state
- Having approximately seventeen members who have actually read Man, Economy, and State
Core principles
Despite the approximately 400 different varieties of libertarian who will immediately explain why every other libertarian is a statist, most anarcho-capitalists share several principles.
Private property
Private property is the foundation of anarcho-capitalist theory.
AnCaps generally argue that individuals possess ownership over themselves and may acquire previously unowned resources through original appropriation, voluntary exchange, gifts, or other legitimate transfers.
Once property has been legitimately acquired, taking or using it without the owner's consent constitutes aggression.
This produces the fundamental ancap philosophical equation:
>my property
>my rules
Critics respond:
To which the AnCap opens a 73-page PDF explaining private arbitration.🗝️
The Non-Aggression Principle
The Non-Aggression Principle (NAP) is the ethical principle most commonly associated with anarcho-capitalism. It holds that initiating force or fraud against another person's body or legitimately owned property is impermissible.
Importantly, the NAP prohibits the initiation of force, rather than force itself. Self-defense and defensive force against aggression can therefore be justified.
This sounds extremely simple until approximately three libertarians enter a room, at which point they will spend six hours debating whether pollution, intellectual property, abortion, borders, fraud, fractional-reserve banking, trespassing, children, or your neighbor's tree constitute aggression.
Voluntary exchange
Anarcho-capitalists believe interactions should generally occur through consent rather than political coercion.
Instead of:
>Pay 30% of your income or armed men eventually arrive
the AnCap proposes:
>Would you like the Bronze™, Silver™, Gold™, or Rothbard Premium™ police package?
Supporters argue competition would pressure providers to offer better and cheaper services.
Critics argue this would create Cyberpunk 2077.
Both sides consider this a devastating argument.
Abolition of the state
Unlike minarchists, who support a minimal state restricted primarily to courts, police, and defense, anarcho-capitalists argue that even these functions can be supplied privately.
This is the point where the minarchist says:
>Okay but surely we need SOME government
and the AnCap immediately detects communism.
Under anarcho-capitalism there would therefore be no compulsory taxation, government monopoly on policing, state court monopoly, central economic planning, or state licensing system.
The AnCap considers this liberty.
The statist considers this Fallout: New Vegas.
Austrian economics
Anarcho-capitalism is heavily associated with the Austrian School of Economics, although accepting Austrian economics does not automatically make somebody an anarcho-capitalist.
The Austrian tradition began with Carl Menger and was subsequently developed by economists including Eugen von Böhm-Bawerk, Ludwig von Mises, and Friedrich Hayek.
Austrian economists emphasize subjective value, marginal utility, entrepreneurship, decentralized knowledge, and the coordinating role of market prices.
Most importantly for the average internet AnCap, Austrian economics allows him to respond to literally anything with:
>Read Mises.
Austrian economists are particularly critical of central economic planning because information about scarcity, preferences, and production is distributed among millions of individuals rather than concentrated within a central authority.
The AnCap solution is therefore simple:
LET THE MARKET DECIDE.
Housing shortage? Market.
Healthcare? Market.
Roads? Market.
Money? Market.
Courts? Market.
Police? Market.
Defense? Market.
The market failed?
Murray Rothbard
Murray Newton Rothbard was an American economist and political theorist and is generally considered the principal founder of modern anarcho-capitalism.
Rothbard combined Austrian economics, particularly the work of Ludwig von Mises, with a theory of natural rights, self-ownership, private property, and radical opposition to the state.
His basic intellectual project can be summarized as:
>What if Ludwig von Mises but NO GOVERNMENT AT ALL
Rothbard argued that taxation constituted coercive appropriation of property and that the state represented a territorial monopoly on coercion.
He consequently advocated replacing government institutions with voluntary and competitive alternatives.
Notable Rothbard works include:
- Man, Economy, and State
- Power and Market
- For a New Liberty
- The Ethics of Liberty
The average AnCap has definitely read all of these and did not simply watch a 14-minute YouTube video with a yellow-and-black thumbnail.
Hans-Hermann Hoppe
Hans-Hermann Hoppe is a German-American political theorist associated with anarcho-capitalism and paleolibertarianism.
Hoppe developed a particularly uncompromising version of private-property anarchism and is known for criticizing democracy, defending radically decentralized political arrangements, and advocating a society based on private property and contractual communities.
His most famous works include A Theory of Socialism and Capitalism, The Economics and Ethics of Private Property, and Democracy: The God That Failed.
Hoppeans differ from stereotypical socially permissive libertarians by placing greater emphasis on property owners' freedom of association, exclusion, decentralized communities, and covenant arrangements.
This inevitably produces the phrase:
>PHYSICAL REMOVAL
approximately 0.003 seconds into any internet discussion involving Hoppe.
The Hoppean ideal society consists of 900,000 independent private communities, each containing six Germans, three Liechtensteiners, a shooting range, a gold-backed currency, and absolutely no zoning regulations.
Private law
One of the biggest questions facing anarcho-capitalism is how laws could exist without a government.
AnCaps generally distinguish law from legislation.
They argue that rules governing property, contracts, restitution, and conflict resolution could emerge through contracts, customary law, arbitration, and competing legal institutions rather than being created exclusively by legislatures.
Different arbitration agencies could therefore resolve disputes between customers.
For example:
Person A: subscribed to Rothbard Security Solutions™.
Person B: subscribed to Hoppe Protection GmbH.
Person A and B have a dispute.
Instead of immediately beginning the Second Punic War, both agencies have incentives to recognize mutually acceptable arbitration procedures because warfare is expensive.
Critics argue competing security firms could simply become warring states.
AnCaps argue states already do this except they also make you pay for it.
Private defense
National defense represents one of the more controversial problems in anarcho-capitalist theory.
Proposed solutions include insurance companies, private defense agencies, militias, voluntary defense associations, and contractual alliances between property owners.
Critics ask what prevents the largest private defense company from conquering everyone and becoming a state.
AnCaps have spent approximately seventy years arguing about this.
The standard answer is that conquest is expensive, consumers could fund competitors, firms lack the ideological legitimacy enjoyed by governments, and contractual institutions could restrain security providers.
The standard counterargument is:
>bro reinvented feudalism
The standard AnCap counter-counterargument is a 9,000-word response explaining why feudal land tenure was not based on Lockean original appropriation.
Nobody reads it.[a]
Private roads
The single most powerful argument ever constructed against anarcho-capitalism.
AnCaps generally propose privately owned roads financed through tolls, subscriptions, commercial development, homeowner associations, insurance arrangements, or businesses providing transportation infrastructure because accessibility increases property values.
Critic:
AnCap:
Critic:
AnCap:
Money and banking
Anarcho-capitalists generally oppose government monopolies over money and central banking.
Many support some combination of:
As a result, the AnCap monetary system contains seventeen thousand competing currencies until everybody independently decides to use the same three.
This is completely different from centralization.
The relationship between anarcho-capitalism and fractional-reserve banking is particularly entertaining because Austrians have been fighting about it since before You were born and will continue doing so after the heat death of the universe.
Ancapistan
Ancapistan is the hypothetical society produced after anarcho-capitalism is implemented.
Depending on whom you ask, Ancapistan is either:
- The greatest civilization in human history
- Somalia
- Cyberpunk
- Medieval Iceland
- Liechtenstein but somehow even smaller
- A gigantic gated community
- Amazon Prime with nuclear weapons
- 8 billion sovereign citizens screaming about easements
A typical morning in Ancapistan begins when You wake up in your privately constructed house, drink privately certified water, drive down the Rothbard Memorial Turnpike™, pay 0.00004 BTC in tolls, and arrive at McCourt™ to sue your neighbor because his autonomous recreational McNuke™ violated your airspace.
There are no taxes.
Therefore everything is fine.
Minarchists
Minarchists agree with AnCaps on approximately 97% of political questions, making them the AnCap's greatest ideological enemy.
Minarchists support a minimal government responsible primarily for protecting individual rights through police, courts, and national defense.
AnCaps respond that granting one institution a monopoly over these services contradicts the principles of competition and voluntary association.
The discussion usually proceeds as follows:
>We need a tiny government solely to protect property rights.
>Who funds it?
>Taxes.
>STATIST DETECTED.
Left-anarchists
Left-anarchists generally reject anarcho-capitalism because they view capitalism, wage labor, and concentrated private property as hierarchical institutions incompatible with anarchism.
Anarcho-capitalists respond that voluntary economic relationships cannot constitute political rulership merely because unequal wealth exists.
Thus began an internet argument that has continued uninterrupted since approximately 1994.
Left-anarchist:
AnCap:
Left-anarchist:
AnCap:
Both:
Criticism
Critics of anarcho-capitalism commonly question whether completely private legal and security systems would remain competitive, whether extreme wealth inequality could translate into coercive power, how public goods and externalities would be handled, and whether private defense organizations could evolve into de facto governments.
AnCaps generally respond that governments suffer from the same problems while additionally possessing taxation powers and territorial monopolies.
Critics then accuse AnCaps of reinventing government.
AnCaps accuse critics of reinventing communism.
The conversation subsequently becomes completely incomprehensible.
Arguments for anarcho-capitalism
Supporters argue that anarcho-capitalism would maximize individual liberty, eliminate coercive taxation, increase institutional competition, strengthen property rights, reduce political rent-seeking, decentralize power, and allow experimentation between different voluntary communities.
Rather than having one institution impose the same policy across an entire country, different communities and organizations could adopt different arrangements.
If one arrangement sucks, people could theoretically switch providers or communities.
This is essentially:
>Voting with your wallet
instead of:
>Voting between two 74-year-old politicians every four years
Arguments against anarcho-capitalism
Critics argue that market competition may not function effectively for every service, particularly defense, environmental protection, infrastructure, and legal systems.
They also argue that massive differences in wealth could allow wealthy individuals or corporations to accumulate political-like power without formally becoming governments.
The nightmare scenario is that McDonald's buys every road, Amazon purchases the courts, BlackRock owns the police, and Nestlé acquires Lake Geneva.
The AnCap response is that government regulation helped create many existing concentrations of corporate power.
The critic's response is that the AnCap is coping.
The AnCap's response is a link to the Mises Institute.[1]
Trvthnvke
Anarcho-capitalism asks a deceptively simple question:
If competition is better than monopoly for ordinary goods and services, why should government itself be exempt?
Its supporters see the ideology as the logical conclusion of individual sovereignty, private property, voluntary association, and free markets.
Its opponents see a society ruled by corporations, private armies, and rich property owners.
Whether Ancapistan would become the freest and wealthiest civilization ever constructed or collapse within seventeen minutes because nobody subscribed to the fire department remains somewhat disputed.
One thing, however, is certain.
SnekTubers
- MentisWave
- Taxed Brass
- Liquid Zulu
- PraxBen
Gallery
-
margerald
-
See also
- Libertarianism
- Capitalism
- Anarchism
- Monaco
- Minarchism
- Austria
- Austrian School
- Murray Rothbard
- Hans-Hermann Hoppe
- Private property
- Taxation
- Free market
Notes
- ↑ :(
