Cryptography

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Cryptography provides secrecy for your SNCA.

Cryptography, or cryptology ^{nobody calls it that}, is the science of secret writing. A branch of applied mathematics, it is a technique used to prevent an unauthorized third party (or parties) from reading a private message or tampering with that message. Invented shortly after writing itself, cryptography is the service that has enabled secrecy throughout human history, from secure diplomatic messages to hidden war plans. Without it, history would've been vastly different, and more boring. Today, cryptography is still is in use for state secrecy, but has also become an integral part of normalGOD life. It is the service that encrypts all the disgusting ERP you engage in, you sick fuck. virtually everything you do online and all your private information. Cryptography is the underlying foundation that ensures secure connections to every site, and more. It is also the foundation of cryptocurrency, as cryptosystems secure wallets, verify transactions, and maintain the integrity of the blockchain, etc.

Cryptography can absolutely be used by 'teens to hide their messages in plain sight from prying eyes.

Concepts in Cryptography That's Useful For You

Understanding some cryptography elements help clarify technical OPSEC aspects, how secure connections work and VPNs work, and so on. Here's what you should know:

Encryption protects information and data, but not metadata.

Possibly one of the biggest misunderstandings in the OPSEC circles is that an encrypted service or message fully hides everything. This is not true. Cryptography cannot hide "meta" about the data, such as when you sent the message, how often, and so on. It allows for behavior analysis - and this is constantly used by feds to deanonymize 'p spammers on the Dark Web, for example.

Encryption is useless if the key is sitting around somewhere easy to access.

Think of your password manager, your hard drive encryption, and so on. If you have the password written on a post-it attached to your monitor, or as a fucking .txt file on your Documents folder (I know you do), the entire service is nullified when someone else discovers the note and uses it to access all your shit. Storing the keys safely is a problem in its own right; check here for some recommendations.

Cryptography cannot prevent leaks by authorized users.

A secret service or message is most vulnerable to an attack or leak from within. For example, an authorized user can fully honor an encrypted communication method, but later on leak the plain text of everything to the public. A private Discord server is a private service; it does not allow unauthorized access. The key, in this scenario, is the invite link. If it gets out, all the protection provided by Discord is nullified. If someone screenshots or logs every plain text message, all secrecy is nullified. This is not the fault of cryptography.

Cryptography cannot be developed by one person. Do not be distrustful of cryptography because it was developed by glowing groups; it is the only way.

Just like how vibe coding is bad when it comes to writing code, "ad-hoc", self-developed, or proprietary cryptography is a very, very, very bad idea. Time and time again, they have been proven to be catastrophically weak. Good, secure cryptography is the result of an immense amount of mathematics. It takes years of research, slow, collaborative effort and thorough testing to develop and fine-tune for deployment. Many of the cryptographic algorithms in use today were standardized decades ago; and remain valid. At the same time, cryptography must be transparent and open source. The security of a cryptosystem must rely solely on the secrecy of keys, not on the design. The glowies use the same cryptographic algorithms as civilians do.

Cryptography is everywhere you look

Understanding some secure services and how they work, and what their weaknesses are, is the most critical aspect of technical OPSEC. These are the current standards, and you should avoid using anything, like HTTP, that's not on this list.

• Secure Online Communications
  • Web Traffic: HTTPS (TLS 1.2/1.3) (ideally with ECH)
  • Email: OpenPGP (see email page for further info)
  • Messaging: Anything with E2EE, preferably with quantum resistance (i.e., SimpleX)
  • Wireless Traffic: 802.11iWPA2 or WPA3
• File Encryption
  • Hardware Accelerated
    • LUKS (Linux)
    • VeraCrypt
  • Not-Hardware Accelerated
    • ChaCha20 site

Encrypting a link with a simple Base64 encryption, and putting another link right next to it that takes you to a website that decrypts it, can fully counter jeet-AI algorithms scanning text for links. Usually used when linking to piracy sites to avoid auto-DMCA, etc.

History of Cryptography

Before the internet and the personal computer, cryptography was virtually unheard of, a true SNCA that only the most autistic nophonos and governments cared about. The sole purpose of cryptography in the pre-modern era was to encrypt state information and data from adversaries. A famous example of this is the Enigma machine, developed by the hecking Nazis. Thought to be uncrackable when it was introduced, it granted the Nazis full OPSEC at the beginning of the war. It played a key role in early victories. Unfortunately for the Fuhrer, a fatal flaw in the machine's design allowed the British to crack the code. The flaw was that the Enigma machine would never encrypt a letter as itself, i.e., it would never encrypt "E" as "E", always something else, introducing an analysis decryption risk that eventually, by 1940-41, allowed the Allies to mostly automate the decrypting of super evil Nazi plans.

Cryptography was considered a "munition" in the United States, as it is was subject to arms sale regulations. Famously, the feds tried to prohibit the "export" of the PGP service, arguing that it would compromise national security and give the enemies of Israel an advantage.

With the invention of the internet, everything changed. Electronic communication became available to the public, and what had been physical measures taken to ensure things like physical letters, mail, and information became irrelevant and redundant as they were digitized. To illustrate the point, in the United States, tampering with physical mail is a federal crime. This was more than enough to deter people from messing with your mailbox, since catching a mail criminal and sending him to prison was simple enough. But with email, not only was such a measure now redundant (sending people to federal prison over email still today sounds silly, it would've been outrageous in 1971), an attacker from India could intercept it while appearing as a Canadian. The solution was turning cryptography from shit that nobody cares about into shit that everybody cares about. Instead of relying on 'nishing mailbox rapists, cryptography would secure your e621.net (USER WAS BANNED FOR THIS POST) soyjak.wiki password recovery email and prevent the pesky Canadians from stealing your account. Even if the Pakistani intercepted the email, they would be unable to redeem the link or modify it without being (You), the keyed user^🗝️.

You can think of cryptography as a secure tunnel built within the internet, only for you, to send all your gemmy IAS to the Sharty's server. The tunnel prevents anyone from changing it to NAS coal, or seeing that you are sending gems. ^{but isn't that a bad thing?}

Basic Cryptography

Cryptography has several functions that must be met for it to be functional:

• Confidentiality: Nophono can read the message except the intended receiver.
• Authentication: Identity must be proven by the sender or receiver, or both.
• Integrity: An assurance, preferably built into the cipher, that the message has not been altered since its encryption.
• Exchange of Keys: A secure method must be used to share cryptographic keys between the sender and receiver.

Cryptography begins with unencrypted information, also known as plaintext. Plaintext, i.e., babyjak, is encrypted by a function, i.e., Hex, into ciphertext, i.e., 42 61 79 6a 61 6b. This encryption and decryption process is based upon the type of cryptography being used and the key.

This process can be formualized. Typically, it is written as, Where $P=\text{plaintext},C=\text{ciphertext},E=\text{encryption function},D=\text{decryption function},K=\text{key}$.

$C=E_k(P)$ or $P=D_k(C)$

The ciphertext, encryption function, and decryption function are all public knowledge. Both functions must be public, in a sense, open source, for independent vetting and thorough testing to ensure they are not shit. Proprietary cryptographic functions are almost always avoided. The ciphertext is public because it is the information being sent across the public space, i.e., the internet, that can be seen by anyone, the reason why it is encrypted in the first place. Only the plaintext and keys are private; and their privacy is paramount. The K variable found in both formulas is known as the "secret key" - a key that only (You) and nophono else knows. This key, along with the ciphertext, is what the function uses to decrypt the message, or, along with the plaintext, is what the function uses to encrypt the message^[Marge...].

Keys can be single-use or multi-use. A single-use key is generated for each message, and is considered a more secure method. Multi-use keys are the same key used to encrypt many files, allowing them to be encrypted with the same key, which is convenient for access, but poses a risk, as if the key is compromised, all the data is compromised.

Are the formulas for encryption and decryption, respectively. All cryptography is built upon these two formulas. The variation in cryptography arises from different methods used for the E, D, and K variables. These methods are broadly divided into three major algorithmic groups:

• Secret Key Cryptography (SKC): The most common method of encryption, it uses a single key for both the encryption and decryption function. It is also known as Symmetric Encryption. It is best for situations requiring full confidentiality. An example of SKC is the Advanced Encryption Standard, the 128, 192, or 256-bit you so often hear.
• Public Key Cryptography (PKC): A more complex method that uses one key for the encryption function, and another for the decryption function. It is also known as Asymmetric Encryption. It is best for situations that require secure authentication, integrity, and exchange of keys. An example of PKC is ECIES. Note that, during the 2010s, the NIST recommended Dual Elliptic Curve Deterministic Random Bit Generator, which generates random numbers, was widely believed to be backdoored by the NSA
• Hash Function (HF): Hash Functions are an irreversible operation used to create a digital fingerprint. When you download a program from the internet, you can verify its integrity by comparing the hash (i.e., SHA-256) of your copy to the vendor's, ensuring no malicious modification occurred since its original distribution.

Modern Cryptography

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They hate any cryptographic algorithm that isn't backdoored.

Modern cryptography today is mainly concerned with optimizing already existing, solid algorithms and developing post-quantum resistance. It is an escalating war between glowies, who are more interested in using all of your local river's water to figure out the next backdoor, and cryptographers, who have the most niggerhell math job imaginable. To some degree, the 2010s NIST Dual_EC_DRBG backdoor proved that the NSA had already compromised such a critical component of cryptography. Even then, the brilliant minds who noticed that something was wrong couldn't prove exactly what the backdoor was. Even today, it is unknown. The NSA won. Now think of all the other completely unknown backdoors scattered all across cryptosystems. Dark times are ahead, nusoi.

• Forward Security: This critical feature prevents feds from decrypting your previous messages if the current session is compromised. This is achieved by using a different key for each session, so that compromising a single key does not leak everything.

• Post-compromise Security: Whereas forward security ensures that compromises do not ruin previous messages, post-compromise security, also known as backward secrecy, ensures that even if your current key is compromised, future communications remain secure once the protocol you are using performs a new exchange of keys. Together with forward security, they make it almost impossible for glowies to read your messages.

• Perfect Secrecy: Contrary to what you might believe, truly unbreakable cryptography does exist. In this case, the ciphertext reveals no information about the plaintext and the key, making it impossible to crack. This is achieved by making the key as long as or longer than the plaintext, making analysis and bruteforce attacks improbable. One-time pads, used by numbers stations you've heard about in the video essays you watch every day, are one example of an unbreakable cryptosystem.

• Authenticated Encryption (AE/AEAD): Currently uncommon, but the most up-to-date standard protocol for confidentiality and integrity.

Useful Tools and Further Reading

• Cyberchef, an encoding and decoding tool
• Overview of cryptography and how it relates to code
• An in-depth technical overview of cryptography

Snopes

Cryptography is part of a series on
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